Thursday, 27 December 2012

What's new for 'JKB_daily1' in PubMed

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Search: (sepsis[MeSH Terms] OR septic shock[MeSH Terms] OR altitude[MeSH Terms] OR genomics[MeSH Terms] OR genetics[MeSH Terms] OR retrotransposons[MeSH Terms] OR macrophage[MeSH Terms]) AND ("2009/8/8"[Publication Date] : "3000"[Publication Date]) AND (("Science"[Journal] OR "Nature"[Journal] OR "The New England journal of medicine"[Journal] OR "Lancet"[Journal] OR "Nature genetics"[Journal] OR "Nature medicine"[Journal]) OR (Hume DA[Author] OR Baillie JK[Author] OR Faulkner, Geoffrey J[Author]))

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PubMed Results
Items 1 - 7 of 7

1. Nature. 2012 Nov 1;491(7422):S4-6.

Genetics: Searching for answers.

Williams SC.
PMID: 23136651 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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2. Nature. 2012 Nov 1;491(7422):143-7. doi: 10.1038/491143a.

Epigenetics: Reading the second genomic code.

Marx V.
PMID: 23128234 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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3. Nature. 2012 Nov 1;491(7422):92-5. doi: 10.1038/nature11513. Epub 2012 Oct 24.

Fluvial response to abrupt global warming at the Palaeocene/Eocene boundary.

Foreman BZ, Heller PL, Clementz MT.

University of Wyoming, Department of Geology and Geophysics, 1000 East University Avenue, Laramie, Wyoming 82071, USA. bforema1@uwyo.edu

Abstract

Climate strongly affects the production of sediment from mountain catchments as well as its transport and deposition within adjacent sedimentary basins. However, identifying climatic influences on basin stratigraphy is complicated by nonlinearities, feedback loops, lag times, buffering and convergence among processes within the sediment routeing system. The Palaeocene/Eocene thermal maximum (PETM) arguably represents the most abrupt and dramatic instance of global warming in the Cenozoic era and has been proposed to be a geologic analogue for anthropogenic climate change. Here we evaluate the fluvial response in western Colorado to the PETM. Concomitant with the carbon isotope excursion marking the PETM we document a basin-wide shift to thick, multistoried, sheets of sandstone characterized by variable channel dimensions, dominance of upper flow regime sedimentary structures, and prevalent crevasse splay deposits. This progradation of coarse-grained lithofacies matches model predictions for rapid increases in sediment flux and discharge, instigated by regional vegetation overturn and enhanced monsoon precipitation. Yet the change in fluvial deposition persisted long after the approximately 200,000-year-long PETM with its increased carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere, emphasizing the strong role the protracted transmission of catchment responses to distant depositional systems has in constructing large-scale basin stratigraphy. Our results, combined with evidence for increased dissolved loads and terrestrial clay export to world oceans, indicate that the transient hyper-greenhouse climate of the PETM may represent a major geomorphic 'system-clearing event', involving a global mobilization of dissolved and solid sediment loads on Earth's surface.

PMID: 23128230 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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4. Nature. 2012 Nov 1;491(7422):56-65. doi: 10.1038/nature11632.

An integrated map of genetic variation from 1,092 human genomes.

1000 Genomes Project Consortium, Abecasis GR, Auton A, Brooks LD, DePristo MA, Durbin RM, Handsaker RE, Kang HM, Marth GT, McVean GA.

Collaborators: Altshuler DM, Durbin RM, Abecasis GR, Bentley DR, Chakravarti A, Clark AG, Donnelly P, Eichler EE, Flicek P, Gabriel SB, Gibbs RA, Green ED, Hurles ME, Knoppers BM, Korbel JO, Lander ES, Lee C, Lehrach H, Mardis ER, Marth GT, McVean GA, Nickerson DA, Schmidt JP, Sherry ST, Wang J, Wilson RK, Gibbs RA, Dinh H, Kovar C, Lee S, Lewis L, Muzny D, Reid J, Wang M, Wang J, Fang X, Guo X, Jian M, Jiang H, Jin X, Li G, Li J, Li Y, Li Z, Liu X, Lu Y, Ma X, Su Z, Tai S, Tang M, Wang B, Wang G, Wu H, Wu R, Yin Y, Zhang W, Zhao J, Zhao M, Zheng X, Zhou Y, Lander ES, Altshuler DM, Gabriel SB, Gupta N, Flicek P, Clarke L, Leinonen R, Smith RE, Zheng-Bradley X, Bentley DR, Grocock R, Humphray S, James T, Kingsbury Z, Lehrach H, Sudbrak R, Albrecht MW, Amstislavskiy VS, Borodina TA, Lienhard M, Mertes F, Sultan M, Timmermann B, Yaspo ML, Sherry ST, McVean GA, Mardis ER, Wilson RK, Fulton L, Fulton R, Weinstock GM, Durbin RM, Balasubramaniam S, Burton J, Danecek P, Keane TM, Kolb-Kokocinski A, McCarthy S, Stalker J, Quail M, Schmidt JP, Davies CJ, Gollub J, Webster T, Wong B, Zhan Y, Auton A, Gibbs RA, Yu F, Bainbridge M, Challis D, Evani US, Lu J, Muzny D, Nagaswamy U, Reid J, Sabo A, Wang Y, Yu J, Wang J, Coin LJ, Fang L, Guo X, Jin X, Li G, Li Q, Li Y, Li Z, Lin H, Liu B, Luo R, Qin N, Shao H, Wang B, Xie Y, Ye C, Yu C, Zhang F, Zheng H, Zhu H, Marth GT, Garrison EP, Kural D, Lee WP, Leong WF, Ward AN, Wu J, Zhang M, Lee C, Griffin L, Hsieh CH, Mills RE, Shi X, von Grotthuss M, Zhang C, Daly MJ, DePristo MA, Altshuler DM, Banks E, Bhatia G, Carneiro MO, del Angel G, Gabriel SB, Genovese G, Gupta N, Handsaker RE, Hartl C, Lander ES, McCarroll SA, Nemesh JC, Poplin RE, Schaffner SF, Shakir K, Yoon SC, Lihm J, Makarov V, Jin H, Kim W, Kim KC, Korbel JO, Rausch T, Flicek P, Beal K, Clarke L, Cunningham F, Herrero J, McLaren WM, Ritchie GR, Smith RE, Zheng-Bradley X, Clark AG, Gottipati S, Keinan A, Rodriguez-Flores JL, Sabeti PC, Grossman SR, Tabrizi S, Tariyal R, Cooper DN, Ball EV, Stenson PD, Bentley DR, Barnes B, Bauer M, Cheetham R, Cox T, Eberle M, Humphray S, Kahn S, Murray L, Peden J, Shaw R, Ye K, Batzer MA, Konkel MK, Walker JA, MacArthur DG, Lek M, Sudbrak R, Amstislavskiy VS, Herwig R, Shriver MD, Bustamante CD, Byrnes JK, De La Vega FM, Gravel S, Kenny EE, Kidd JM, Lacroute P, Maples BK, Moreno-Estrada A, Zakharia F, Halperin E, Baran Y, Craig DW, Christoforides A, Homer N, Izatt T, Kurdoglu AA, Sinari SA, Squire K, Sherry ST, Xiao C, Sebat J, Bafna V, Ye K, Burchard EG, Hernandez RD, Gignoux CR, Haussler D, Katzman SJ, Kent WJ, Howie B, Ruiz-Linares A, Dermitzakis ET, Lappalainen T, Devine SE, Liu X, Maroo A, Tallon LJ, Rosenfeld JA, Michelson LP, Abecasis GR, Kang HM, Anderson P, Angius A, Bigham A, Blackwell T, Busonero F, Cucca F, Fuchsberger C, Jones C, Jun G, Li Y, Lyons R, Maschio A, Porcu E, Reinier F, Sanna S, Schlessinger D, Sidore C, Tan A, Trost MK, Awadalla P, Hodgkinson A, Lunter G, McVean GA, Marchini JL, Myers S, Churchhouse C, Delaneau O, Gupta-Hinch A, Iqbal Z, Mathieson I, Rimmer A, Xifara DK, Oleksyk TK, Fu Y, Liu X, Xiong M, Jorde L, Witherspoon D, Xing J, Eichler EE, Browning BL, Alkan C, Hajirasouliha I, Hormozdiari F, Ko A, Sudmant PH, Mardis ER, Chen K, Chinwalla A, Ding L, Dooling D, Koboldt DC, McLellan MD, Wallis JW, Wendl MC, Zhang Q, Durbin RM, Hurles ME, Tyler-Smith C, Albers CA, Ayub Q, Balasubramaniam S, Chen Y, Coffey AJ, Colonna V, Danecek P, Huang N, Jostins L, Keane TM, Li H, McCarthy S, Scally A, Stalker J, Walter K, Xue Y, Zhang Y, Gerstein MB, Abyzov A, Balasubramanian S, Chen J, Clarke D, Fu Y, Habegger L, Harmanci AO, Jin M, Khurana E, Mu XJ, Sisu C, Li Y, Luo R, Zhu H, Lee C, Griffin L, Hsieh CH, Mills RE, Shi X, von Grotthuss M, Zhang C, Marth GT, Garrison EP, Kural D, Lee WP, Ward AN, Wu J, Zhang M, McCarroll SA, Altshuler DM, Banks E, del Angel G, Genovese G, Handsaker RE, Hartl C, Nemesh JC, Shakir K, Yoon SC, Lihm J, Makarov V, Degenhardt J, Flicek P, Clarke L, Smith RE, Zheng-Bradley X, Korbel JO, Rausch T, Stütz AM, Bentley DR, Barnes B, Cheetham R, Eberle M, Humphray S, Kahn S, Murray L, Shaw R, Ye K, Batzer MA, Konkel MK, Walker JA, Lacroute P, Craig DW, Homer N, Church D, Xiao C, Sebat J, Bafna V, Michaelson JJ, Ye K, Devine SE, Liu X, Maroo A, Tallon LJ, Lunter G, Iqbal Z, Witherspoon D, Xing J, Eichler EE, Alkan C , Hajirasouliha I, Hormozdiari F, Ko A, Sudmant PH, Chen K, Chinwalla A, Ding L, McLellan MD, Wallis JW, Hurles ME, Blackburne B, Li H, Lindsay SJ, Ning Z, Scally A, Walter K, Zhang Y, Gerstein MB, Abyzov A, Chen J, Clarke D, Khurana E, Mu XJ, Sisu C, Gibbs RA, Yu F, Bainbridge M, Challis D, Evani US, Kovar C, Lewis L, Lu J, Muzny D, Nagaswamy U, Reid J, Sabo A, Yu J, Guo X, Li Y, Wu R, Marth GT, Garrison EP, Leong WF, Ward AN, del Angel G, DePristo MA, Gabriel SB, Gupta N, Hartl C, Poplin RE, Clark AG, Rodriguez-Flores JL, Flicek P, Clarke L, Smith RE, Zheng-Bradley X, MacArthur DG, Bustamante CD, Gravel S, Craig DW, Christoforides A, Homer N, Izatt T, Sherry ST, Xiao C, Dermitzakis ET, Abecasis GR, Kang HM, McVean GA, Mardis ER, Dooling D, Fulton L, Fulton R, Koboldt DC, Durbin RM, Balasubramaniam S, Keane TM, McCarthy S, Stalker J, Gerstein MB, Balasubramanian S, Habegger L, Garrison EP, Gibbs RA, Bainbridge M, Muzny D, Yu F, Yu J, del Angel G, Handsaker RE, Makarov V, Rodriguez-Flores JL, Jin H, Kim W, Kim KC, Flicek P, Beal K, Clarke L, Cunningham F, Herrero J, McLaren WM, Ritchie GR, Zheng-Bradley X, Tabrizi S, MacArthur DG, Lek M, Bustamante CD, De La Vega FM, Craig DW, Kurdoglu AA, Lappalainen T, Rosenfeld JA, Michelson LP, Awadalla P, Hodgkinson A, McVean GA, Chen K, Tyler-Smith C, Chen Y, Colonna V, Frankish A, Harrow J, Xue Y, Gerstein MB, Abyzov A, Balasubramanian S, Chen J, Clarke D, Fu Y, Harmanci AO, Jin M, Khurana E, Mu XJ, Sisu C, Gibbs RA, Fowler G, Hale W, Kalra D, Kovar C, Muzny D, Reid J, Wang J, Guo X, Li G, Li Y, Zheng X, Altshuler DM, Flicek P, Clarke L, Barker J, Kelman G, Kulesha E, Leinonen R, McLaren WM, Radhakrishnan R, Roa A, Smirnov D, Smith RE, Streeter I, Toneva I, Vaughan B, Zheng-Bradley X, Bentley DR, Cox T, Humphray S, Kahn S, Sudbrak R, Albrecht MW, Lienhard M, Craig DW, Izatt T, Kurdoglu AA, Sherry ST, Ananiev V, Belaia Z, Beloslyudtsev D, Bouk N, Chen C, Church D, Cohen R, Cook C, Garner J, Hefferon T, Kimelman M, Liu C, Lopez J, Meric P, O'Sullivan C, Ostapchuk Y, Phan L, Ponomarov S, Schneider V, Shekhtman E, Sirotkin K, Slotta D, Xiao C, Zhang H, Haussler D, Abecasis GR, McVean GA, Alkan C, Ko A, Dooling D, Durbin RM, Balasubramaniam S, Keane TM, McCarthy S, Stalker J, Chakravarti A, Knoppers BM, Abecasis GR, Barnes KC, Beiswanger C, Burchard EG, Bustamante CD, Cai H, Cao H, Durbin RM, Gharani N, Gibbs RA, Gignoux CR, Gravel S, Henn B, Jones D, Jorde L, Kaye JS, Keinan A, Kent A, Kerasidou A, Li Y, Mathias R, McVean GA, Moreno-Estrada A, Ossorio PN, Parker M, Reich D, Rotimi CN, Royal CD, Sandoval K, Su Y, Sudbrak R, Tian Z, Timmermann B, Tishkoff S, Toji LH, Tyler-Smith C, Via M, Wang Y, Yang H, Yang L, Zhu J, Bodmer W, Bedoya G, Ruiz-Linares A, Ming CZ, Yang G, You CJ, Peltonen L, Garcia-Montero A, Orfao A, Dutil J, Martinez-Cruzado JC, Oleksyk TK, Brooks LD, Felsenfeld AL, McEwen JE, Clemm NC, Duncanson A, Dunn M, Green ED, Guyer MS, Peterson JL.

Abstract

By characterizing the geographic and functional spectrum of human genetic variation, the 1000 Genomes Project aims to build a resource to help to understand the genetic contribution to disease. Here we describe the genomes of 1,092 individuals from 14 populations, constructed using a combination of low-coverage whole-genome and exome sequencing. By developing methods to integrate information across several algorithms and diverse data sources, we provide a validated haplotype map of 38 million single nucleotide polymorphisms, 1.4 million short insertions and deletions, and more than 14,000 larger deletions. We show that individuals from different populations carry different profiles of rare and common variants, and that low-frequency variants show substantial geographic differentiation, which is further increased by the action of purifying selection. We show that evolutionary conservation and coding consequence are key determinants of the strength of purifying selection, that rare-variant load varies substantially across biological pathways, and that each individual contains hundreds of rare non-coding variants at conserved sites, such as motif-disrupting changes in transcription-factor-binding sites. This resource, which captures up to 98% of accessible single nucleotide polymorphisms at a frequency of 1% in related populations, enables analysis of common and low-frequency variants in individuals from diverse, including admixed, populations.

PMCID: PMC3498066 [Available on 2013/5/1]
PMID: 23128226 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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5. Nature. 2012 Nov 1;491(7422):27-9. doi: 10.1038/491027a.

Genomics: The single life.

Owens B.
PMID: 23128208 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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6. Nature. 2012 Nov 1;491(7422):129-33. doi: 10.1038/nature11443. Epub 2012 Sep 30.

Vaccine-induced CD8+ T cells control AIDS virus replication.

Mudd PA, Martins MA, Ericsen AJ, Tully DC, Power KA, Bean AT, Piaskowski SM, Duan L, Seese A, Gladden AD, Weisgrau KL, Furlott JR, Kim YI, Veloso de Santana MG, Rakasz E, Capuano S 3rd, Wilson NA, Bonaldo MC, Galler R, Allison DB, Piatak M Jr, Haase AT, Lifson JD, Allen TM, Watkins DI.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53711, USA.

Abstract

Developing a vaccine for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may be aided by a complete understanding of those rare cases in which some HIV-infected individuals control replication of the virus. Most of these elite controllers express the histocompatibility alleles HLA-B*57 or HLA-B*27 (ref. 3). These alleles remain by far the most robust associations with low concentrations of plasma virus, yet the mechanism of control in these individuals is not entirely clear. Here we vaccinate Indian rhesus macaques that express Mamu-B*08, an animal model for HLA-B*27-mediated elite control, with three Mamu-B*08-restricted CD8(+) T-cell epitopes, and demonstrate that these vaccinated animals control replication of the highly pathogenic clonal simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) mac239 virus. High frequencies of CD8(+) T cells against these Vif and Nef epitopes in the blood, lymph nodes and colon were associated with viral control. Moreover, the frequency of the CD8(+) T-cell response against the Nef RL10 epitope (Nef amino acids 137-146) correlated significantly with reduced acute phase viraemia. Finally, two of the eight vaccinees lost control of viral replication in the chronic phase, concomitant with escape in all three targeted epitopes, further implicating these three CD8(+) T-cell responses in the control of viral replication. Our findings indicate that narrowly targeted vaccine-induced virus-specific CD8(+) T-cell responses can control replication of the AIDS virus.

PMID: 23023123 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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7. Nature. 2012 Nov 1;491(7422):114-8. doi: 10.1038/nature11537. Epub 2012 Sep 23.

In vivo genome editing using a high-efficiency TALEN system.

Bedell VM, Wang Y, Campbell JM, Poshusta TL, Starker CG, Krug RG 2nd, Tan W, Penheiter SG, Ma AC, Leung AY, Fahrenkrug SC, Carlson DF, Voytas DF, Clark KJ, Essner JJ, Ekker SC.

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.

Abstract

The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is increasingly being used to study basic vertebrate biology and human disease with a rich array of in vivo genetic and molecular tools. However, the inability to readily modify the genome in a targeted fashion has been a bottleneck in the field. Here we show that improvements in artificial transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) provide a powerful new approach for targeted zebrafish genome editing and functional genomic applications. Using the GoldyTALEN modified scaffold and zebrafish delivery system, we show that this enhanced TALEN toolkit has a high efficiency in inducing locus-specific DNA breaks in somatic and germline tissues. At some loci, this efficacy approaches 100%, including biallelic conversion in somatic tissues that mimics phenotypes seen using morpholino-based targeted gene knockdowns. With this updated TALEN system, we successfully used single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides to precisely modify sequences at predefined locations in the zebrafish genome through homology-directed repair, including the introduction of a custom-designed EcoRV site and a modified loxP (mloxP) sequence into somatic tissue in vivo. We further show successful germline transmission of both EcoRV and mloxP engineered chromosomes. This combined approach offers the potential to model genetic variation as well as to generate targeted conditional alleles.

PMCID: PMC3491146 [Available on 2013/5/1]
PMID: 23000899 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Thursday, 20 December 2012

What's new for 'JKB_daily1' in PubMed

This message contains My NCBI what's new results from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) at the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM).
Do not reply directly to this message.

Sender's message: Sepsis or genomics or altitude: JKB_daily1

Sent on Thursday, 2012 December 20
Search: (sepsis[MeSH Terms] OR septic shock[MeSH Terms] OR altitude[MeSH Terms] OR genomics[MeSH Terms] OR genetics[MeSH Terms] OR retrotransposons[MeSH Terms] OR macrophage[MeSH Terms]) AND ("2009/8/8"[Publication Date] : "3000"[Publication Date]) AND (("Science"[Journal] OR "Nature"[Journal] OR "The New England journal of medicine"[Journal] OR "Lancet"[Journal] OR "Nature genetics"[Journal] OR "Nature medicine"[Journal]) OR (Hume DA[Author] OR Baillie JK[Author] OR Faulkner, Geoffrey J[Author]))

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PubMed Results
Items 1 - 2 of 2

1. Science. 2012 Dec 14;338(6113):1440-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1229556.

Aggravating genetic interactions allow a solution to redundancy in a bacterial pathogen.

O'Connor TJ, Boyd D, Dorer MS, Isberg RR.

Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Microbiology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 150 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA.

Abstract

Interactions between hosts and pathogens are complex, so understanding the events that govern these interactions requires the analysis of molecular mechanisms operating in both organisms. Many pathogens use multiple strategies to target a single event in the disease process, confounding the identification of the important determinants of virulence. We developed a genetic screening strategy called insertional mutagenesis and depletion (iMAD) that combines bacterial mutagenesis and RNA interference, to systematically dissect the interplay between a pathogen and its host. We used this technique to resolve the network of proteins secreted by the bacterium Legionella pneumophila to promote intracellular growth, a critical determinant of pathogenicity of this organism. This strategy is broadly applicable, allowing the dissection of any interface between two organisms involving numerous interactions.

PMID: 23239729 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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2. Science. 2012 Dec 14;338(6113):1435-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1231776.

Epigenetic regulation by long noncoding RNAs.

Lee JT.

Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02138, USA. lee@molbio.mgh.harvard.edu

Abstract

Recent studies show that transcription of the mammalian genome is not only pervasive but also enormously complex. It is estimated that an average of 10 transcription units, the vast majority of which make long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), may overlap each traditional coding gene. These lncRNAs include not only antisense, intronic, and intergenic transcripts but also pseudogenes and retrotransposons. Do they universally have function, or are they merely transcriptional by-products of conventional coding genes? A glimpse into the molecular biology of multiple emerging lncRNA systems reveals the "Wild West" landscape of their functions and mechanisms and the key problems to solve in the years ahead toward understanding these intriguing macromolecules.

PMID: 23239728 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Saturday, 15 December 2012

What's new for 'JKB_daily1' in PubMed

This message contains My NCBI what's new results from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) at the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM).
Do not reply directly to this message.

Sender's message: Sepsis or genomics or altitude: JKB_daily1

Sent on Saturday, 2012 December 15
Search: (sepsis[MeSH Terms] OR septic shock[MeSH Terms] OR altitude[MeSH Terms] OR genomics[MeSH Terms] OR genetics[MeSH Terms] OR retrotransposons[MeSH Terms] OR macrophage[MeSH Terms]) AND ("2009/8/8"[Publication Date] : "3000"[Publication Date]) AND (("Science"[Journal] OR "Nature"[Journal] OR "The New England journal of medicine"[Journal] OR "Lancet"[Journal] OR "Nature genetics"[Journal] OR "Nature medicine"[Journal]) OR (Hume DA[Author] OR Baillie JK[Author] OR Faulkner, Geoffrey J[Author]))

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PubMed Results
Item 1 of 1

1. N Engl J Med. 2012 Dec 6;367(23):2241-7. doi: 10.1056/NEJMcps1115057.

Clinical problem-solving. A missed connection.

Bhave PD, Foster E, Dhaliwal G.

Division of Cardiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. pdbhave@gmail.com

PMID: 23215561 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Wednesday, 12 December 2012

What's new for 'JKB_daily1' in PubMed

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Sender's message: Sepsis or genomics or altitude: JKB_daily1

Sent on Wednesday, 2012 December 12
Search: (sepsis[MeSH Terms] OR septic shock[MeSH Terms] OR altitude[MeSH Terms] OR genomics[MeSH Terms] OR genetics[MeSH Terms] OR retrotransposons[MeSH Terms] OR macrophage[MeSH Terms]) AND ("2009/8/8"[Publication Date] : "3000"[Publication Date]) AND (("Science"[Journal] OR "Nature"[Journal] OR "The New England journal of medicine"[Journal] OR "Lancet"[Journal] OR "Nature genetics"[Journal] OR "Nature medicine"[Journal]) OR (Hume DA[Author] OR Baillie JK[Author] OR Faulkner, Geoffrey J[Author]))

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PubMed Results
Items 1 - 5 of 5

1. Lancet. 2012 Nov 24;380(9856):1810-1.

Metchnikoff and the microbiome.

Podolsky SH.

Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. scott_podolsky@hms.harvard.edu

PMID: 23189332 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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2. Nature. 2012 Oct 25;490(7421):487. doi: 10.1038/490487e.

LMB Cambridge: Bureaucracy bypass let research flourish.

Wong ML.
PMID: 23099394 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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3. Nature. 2012 Oct 25;490(7421):497-501. doi: 10.1038/nature11532. Epub 2012 Oct 3.

A map of rice genome variation reveals the origin of cultivated rice.

Huang X, Kurata N, Wei X, Wang ZX, Wang A, Zhao Q, Zhao Y, Liu K, Lu H, Li W, Guo Y, Lu Y, Zhou C, Fan D, Weng Q, Zhu C, Huang T, Zhang L, Wang Y, Feng L, Furuumi H, Kubo T, Miyabayashi T, Yuan X, Xu Q, Dong G, Zhan Q, Li C, Fujiyama A, Toyoda A, Lu T, Feng Q, Qian Q, Li J, Han B.

National Center for Gene Research, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China.

Abstract

Crop domestications are long-term selection experiments that have greatly advanced human civilization. The domestication of cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) ranks as one of the most important developments in history. However, its origins and domestication processes are controversial and have long been debated. Here we generate genome sequences from 446 geographically diverse accessions of the wild rice species Oryza rufipogon, the immediate ancestral progenitor of cultivated rice, and from 1,083 cultivated indica and japonica varieties to construct a comprehensive map of rice genome variation. In the search for signatures of selection, we identify 55 selective sweeps that have occurred during domestication. In-depth analyses of the domestication sweeps and genome-wide patterns reveal that Oryza sativa japonica rice was first domesticated from a specific population of O. rufipogon around the middle area of the Pearl River in southern China, and that Oryza sativa indica rice was subsequently developed from crosses between japonica rice and local wild rice as the initial cultivars spread into South East and South Asia. The domestication-associated traits are analysed through high-resolution genetic mapping. This study provides an important resource for rice breeding and an effective genomics approach for crop domestication research.

PMID: 23034647 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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4. Nature. 2012 Oct 25;490(7421):556-60. doi: 10.1038/nature11503. Epub 2012 Sep 30.

Structure-based prediction of protein-protein interactions on a genome-wide scale.

Zhang QC, Petrey D, Deng L, Qiang L, Shi Y, Thu CA, Bisikirska B, Lefebvre C, Accili D, Hunter T, Maniatis T, Califano A, Honig B.

Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.

Abstract

The genome-wide identification of pairs of interacting proteins is an important step in the elucidation of cell regulatory mechanisms. Much of our present knowledge derives from high-throughput techniques such as the yeast two-hybrid assay and affinity purification, as well as from manual curation of experiments on individual systems. A variety of computational approaches based, for example, on sequence homology, gene co-expression and phylogenetic profiles, have also been developed for the genome-wide inference of protein-protein interactions (PPIs). Yet comparative studies suggest that the development of accurate and complete repertoires of PPIs is still in its early stages. Here we show that three-dimensional structural information can be used to predict PPIs with an accuracy and coverage that are superior to predictions based on non-structural evidence. Moreover, an algorithm, termed PrePPI, which combines structural information with other functional clues, is comparable in accuracy to high-throughput experiments, yielding over 30,000 high-confidence interactions for yeast and over 300,000 for human. Experimental tests of a number of predictions demonstrate the ability of the PrePPI algorithm to identify unexpected PPIs of considerable biological interest. The surprising effectiveness of three-dimensional structural information can be attributed to the use of homology models combined with the exploitation of both close and remote geometric relationships between proteins.

PMCID: PMC3482288 [Available on 2013/4/25]
PMID: 23023127 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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5. Nature. 2012 Oct 25;490(7421):539-42. doi: 10.1038/nature11429. Epub 2012 Aug 12.

Phosphorylation of NLRC4 is critical for inflammasome activation.

Qu Y, Misaghi S, Izrael-Tomasevic A, Newton K, Gilmour LL, Lamkanfi M, Louie S, Kayagaki N, Liu J, Kömüves L, Cupp JE, Arnott D, Monack D, Dixit VM.

Department of Physiological Chemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA.

Abstract

NLRC4 is a cytosolic member of the NOD-like receptor family that is expressed in innate immune cells. It senses indirectly bacterial flagellin and type III secretion systems, and responds by assembling an inflammasome complex that promotes caspase-1 activation and pyroptosis. Here we use knock-in mice expressing NLRC4 with a carboxy-terminal 3×Flag tag to identify phosphorylation of NLRC4 on a single, evolutionarily conserved residue, Ser 533, following infection of macrophages with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (also known as Salmonella typhimurium). Western blotting with a NLRC4 phospho-Ser 533 antibody confirmed that this post-translational modification occurs only in the presence of stimuli known to engage NLRC4 and not the related protein NLRP3 or AIM2. Nlrc4(-/-) macrophages reconstituted with NLRC4 mutant S533A, unlike those reconstituted with wild-type NLRC4, did not activate caspase-1 and pyroptosis in response to S. typhimurium, indicating that S533 phosphorylation is critical for NLRC4 inflammasome function. Conversely, phosphomimetic NLRC4 S533D caused rapid macrophage pyroptosis without infection. Biochemical purification of the NLRC4-phosphorylating activity and a screen of kinase inhibitors identified PRKCD (PKCδ) as a candidate NLRC4 kinase. Recombinant PKCδ phosphorylated NLRC4 S533 in vitro, immunodepletion of PKCδ from macrophage lysates blocked NLRC4 S533 phosphorylation in vitro, and Prkcd(-/-) macrophages exhibited greatly attenuated caspase-1 activation and IL-1β secretion specifically in response to S. typhimurium. Phosphorylation-defective NLRC4 S533A failed to recruit procaspase-1 and did not assemble inflammasome specks during S. typhimurium infection, so phosphorylation of NLRC4 S533 probably drives conformational changes necessary for NLRC4 inflammasome activity and host innate immunity.

PMID: 22885697 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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