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Sender's message: Sepsis or genomics or altitude: JKB_daily1

Sent on Wednesday, 2014 June 11
Search: (sepsis[MeSH Terms] OR septic shock[MeSH Terms] OR altitude[MeSH Terms] OR genomics[MeSH Terms] OR genetics[MeSH Terms] OR retrotransposons[MeSH Terms] OR macrophage[MeSH Terms]) AND ("2009/8/8"[Publication Date] : "3000"[Publication Date]) AND (("Science"[Journal] OR "Nature"[Journal] OR "The New England journal of medicine"[Journal] OR "Lancet"[Journal] OR "Nature genetics"[Journal] OR "Nature medicine"[Journal]) OR (Hume DA[Author] OR Baillie JK[Author] OR Faulkner, Geoffrey J[Author]))

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PubMed Results

Items 1 - 8 of 8

1.	Nature. 2014 May 22;509(7501):411. doi: 10.1038/509411a. Jelly genome mystery. Callaway E.
	PMID: 24848042 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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2.	N Engl J Med. 2014 Jun 5;370(23):2240-1. doi: 10.1056/NEJMe1405032. Epub 2014 May 18. Statin strikeout. Drazen JM1, Gelijns AC. Author information: 1From the Department of Health Evidence and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (A.C.G.). Comment on Rosuvastatin for sepsis-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome. [N Engl J Med. 2014] Rosuvastatin for sepsis-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome.National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute ARDS Clinical Trials Network, Truwit JD, Bernard GR, Steingrub J, Matthay MA, Liu KD, Albertson TE, Brower RG, Shanholtz C, Rock P, et al. N Engl J Med. 2014 Jun 5; 370(23):2191-200. Epub 2014 May 18. Simvastatin for the prevention of exacerbations in moderate-to-severe COPD. [N Engl J Med. 2014] Simvastatin for the prevention of exacerbations in moderate-to-severe COPD.Criner GJ, Connett JE, Aaron SD, Albert RK, Bailey WC, Casaburi R, Cooper JA Jr, Curtis JL, Dransfield MT, Han MK, et al. N Engl J Med. 2014 Jun 5; 370(23):2201-10. Epub 2014 May 18.
	PMID: 24835850 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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3.	N Engl J Med. 2014 Jun 5;370(23):2191-200. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1401520. Epub 2014 May 18. Rosuvastatin for sepsis-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute ARDS Clinical Trials Network, Truwit JD, Bernard GR, Steingrub J, Matthay MA, Liu KD, Albertson TE, Brower RG, Shanholtz C, Rock P, Douglas IS, deBoisblanc BP, Hough CL, Hite RD, Thompson BT. Collaborators: Hough C, Gundel S, Hudson L, Neff M, Johnson C, Sims K, Watkins T, Lubatti S, Ziedalski T, Finch D, O'Mahony S, Steingrub J, Tidswell M, DeSouza L, Kardos C, Kozikowski L, Ouellette S, Guntupalli K, Bandi V, Pope C, Ross C, Brower R, Fessler H, Hager D, Mendez-Tellez P, Needham D, Oakjones K, Sevransky J, Workneh A, Shanholtz C, Herr D, Howes H, Netzer G, Rock P, Sampaio A, Titus J, Sloane P, Beck T, Highfield D, Lehmann J, Luu H, Selinger S, King S, Barr L, Wiedemann HP, Ashton RW, Culver DA, Ferrari M, Frederick T, Guzman JA, Komara JJ Jr, Reddy AJ, Schilz R, Hejal R, Andrews M, Haney D, Connors AF, Lasalvia S, Thornton JD, Warren EL, Moss M, Burnham EL, Gray L, Maloney J, Mealer M, Douglas I, Overdier K, Thomas B, Thompson K, Wolken R, Frankel S, McKeehan J, Warner ML, Boe T, Bost T, Higgins C, Hodgin K, MacIntyre N, Brown L, Cox C, Gentile M, Govert J, Knudsen N, Carson S, Chang L, Choudhury S, Lanier J, McGuire J, Wheeler AP, Bernard GR, Hays M, Mogan S, Rice TW, Hite RD, Morris PE, Ragusky M, Mirafuente B, Wright P, Groce S, McLean J, Overton A, Truwit J, Enfield K, Marshall M, Morris A, Grissom AC, Austin, Brown S, Ferguson J, Gallo H, Graydon T, Dunn J, Hirshberg E, Jephson A, Kumar N, Lanspa M, Miller R, Murphy D, Orme J, Pies S, Stowe A, Struck L, Thomas F, Ward D, Wilson J, Bailey P, Beninati W, Bezdjian L, Clemmer T, Rimkus S, Tanaka R, Weaver L, Lawton C, Hanselman D, Jewkes J, Sundar K, Alward W, Bishop C, Eckley D, Harris D, Hill T, Jensen B, Ludwig K, Nielsen D, Pearce M, Matthay MA, Calfee CS, Daniel B, Liu KD, Zhou H, Peterson MW, Blaauw J, Van Gundy K, Albertson T, Morrissey B, Vlastelin E, Levitt J, Kovoor E, Vojnik R, Hubmayr R, Brown D, Festic E, Gajic O, Hinds R, Holets S, Lee A, Orengo I, Passe M, deBoisblanc B, Antoine A, Charbonnet D, Griffenstein P, Hunt J, Lammi M, Lauto P, Marr A, Meyaski G, Romaine C, Jain S, Taylor D, Seoane L, Bernard GR, Schoenfeld D, DeBenedictis A, Dong N, Hammond E, Lagakos A, Lazar P, Morse R, Oldmixon C, Ringwood N, Smoot E, Thompson BT, Wilson R, Harabin A, Bredow S, Waclawiw M, Weinmann G, Spragg R, Slutsky A, Levy M, Markovitz B, Petkova E, Weijer C, Willson D, Sznajder J, Begg M, Israel E, Lewis J, Parsons P, Gilbert-McClain L. Comment in Statin strikeout. [N Engl J Med. 2014] Statin strikeout.Drazen JM, Gelijns AC. N Engl J Med. 2014 Jun 5; 370(23):2240-1. Epub 2014 May 18. Abstract BACKGROUND: In the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), inflammation in the lungs and other organs can cause life-threatening organ failure. Inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (statins) can modulate inflammatory responses. Previous observational studies suggested that statins improved clinical outcomes in patients with sepsis. We hypothesized that rosuvastatin therapy would improve clinical outcomes in critically ill patients with sepsis-associated ARDS. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter trial in which patients with sepsis-associated ARDS were randomly assigned to receive either enteral rosuvastatin or placebo in a double-blind manner. The primary outcome was mortality before hospital discharge home or until study day 60 if the patient was still in a health care facility. Secondary outcomes included the number of ventilator-free days (days that patients were alive and breathing spontaneously) to day 28 and organ-failure-free days to day 14. RESULTS: The study was stopped because of futility after 745 of an estimated 1000 patients had been enrolled. There was no significant difference between study groups in 60-day in-hospital mortality (28.5% with rosuvastatin and 24.9% with placebo, P=0.21) or in mean (±SD) ventilator-free days (15.1±10.8 with rosuvastatin and 15.1±11.0 with placebo, P=0.96). The groups were well matched with respect to demographic and key physiological variables. Rosuvastatin therapy, as compared with placebo, was associated with fewer days free of renal failure to day 14 (10.1±5.3 vs. 11.0±4.7, P=0.01) and fewer days free of hepatic failure to day 14 (10.8±5.0 vs. 11.8±4.3, P=0.003). Rosuvastatin was not associated with an increased incidence of serum creatine kinase levels that were more than 10 times the upper limit of the normal range. CONCLUSIONS: Rosuvastatin therapy did not improve clinical outcomes in patients with sepsis-associated ARDS and may have contributed to hepatic and renal organ dysfunction. (Funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the Investigator-Sponsored Study Program of AstraZeneca; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00979121.).
	PMID: 24835849 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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4.	Nature. 2014 May 22;509(7501):483-6. doi: 10.1038/nature13275. Epub 2014 May 14. Uplift and seismicity driven by groundwater depletion in central California. Amos CB1, Audet P2, Hammond WC3, Bürgmann R4, Johanson IA5, Blewitt G3. Author information: 1Geology Department, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington 98225-9080, USA. 2Department of Earth Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada. 3Nevada Geodetic Laboratory, Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology and Nevada Seismological Laboratory, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA. 41] Berkeley Seismological Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-4760, USA [2] Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, California 97720-4767, USA. 5Berkeley Seismological Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-4760, USA. Comment in Earth science: Fertile fields for seismicity. [Nature. 2014] Earth science: Fertile fields for seismicity.Lundgren P. Nature. 2014 May 22; 509(7501):436-7. Epub 2014 May 14. Abstract Groundwater use in California's San Joaquin Valley exceeds replenishment of the aquifer, leading to substantial diminution of this resource and rapid subsidence of the valley floor. The volume of groundwater lost over the past century and a half also represents a substantial reduction in mass and a large-scale unburdening of the lithosphere, with significant but unexplored potential impacts on crustal deformation and seismicity. Here we use vertical global positioning system measurements to show that a broad zone of rock uplift of up to 1-3 mm per year surrounds the southern San Joaquin Valley. The observed uplift matches well with predicted flexure from a simple elastic model of current rates of water-storage loss, most of which is caused by groundwater depletion. The height of the adjacent central Coast Ranges and the Sierra Nevada is strongly seasonal and peaks during the dry late summer and autumn, out of phase with uplift of the valley floor during wetter months. Our results suggest that long-term and late-summer flexural uplift of the Coast Ranges reduce the effective normal stress resolved on the San Andreas Fault. This process brings the fault closer to failure, thereby providing a viable mechanism for observed seasonality in microseismicity at Parkfield and potentially affecting long-term seismicity rates for fault systems adjacent to the valley. We also infer that the observed contemporary uplift of the southern Sierra Nevada previously attributed to tectonic or mantle-derived forces is partly a consequence of human-caused groundwater depletion.
	PMID: 24828048 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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5.	Nature. 2014 May 22;509(7501):436-7. doi: 10.1038/nature13338. Epub 2014 May 14. Earth science: Fertile fields for seismicity. Lundgren P. Author information: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, USA. Comment on Uplift and seismicity driven by groundwater depletion in central California. [Nature. 2014] Uplift and seismicity driven by groundwater depletion in central California.Amos CB, Audet P, Hammond WC, Bürgmann R, Johanson IA, Blewitt G. Nature. 2014 May 22; 509(7501):483-6. Epub 2014 May 14.
	PMID: 24828039 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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6.	Nature. 2014 May 22;509(7501):487-91. doi: 10.1038/nature13166. Epub 2014 Apr 9. High-throughput screening of a CRISPR/Cas9 library for functional genomics in human cells. Zhou Y1, Zhu S1, Cai C1, Yuan P2, Li C3, Huang Y3, Wei W2. Author information: 11] State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China [2]. 2State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. 3Biodynamic Optical Imaging Centre (BIOPIC), College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. Abstract Targeted genome editing technologies are powerful tools for studying biology and disease, and have a broad range of research applications. In contrast to the rapid development of toolkits to manipulate individual genes, large-scale screening methods based on the complete loss of gene expression are only now beginning to be developed. Here we report the development of a focused CRISPR/Cas-based (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated) lentiviral library in human cells and a method of gene identification based on functional screening and high-throughput sequencing analysis. Using knockout library screens, we successfully identified the host genes essential for the intoxication of cells by anthrax and diphtheria toxins, which were confirmed by functional validation. The broad application of this powerful genetic screening strategy will not only facilitate the rapid identification of genes important for bacterial toxicity but will also enable the discovery of genes that participate in other biological processes.
	PMID: 24717434 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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7.	N Engl J Med. 2014 Apr 24;370(17):1649-51. doi: 10.1056/NEJMe1402066. Epub 2014 Mar 18. Is there a good MAP for septic shock? Russell JA. Author information: From the Center for Heart Lung Innovation and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. Comment on High versus low blood-pressure target in patients with septic shock. [N Engl J Med. 2014] High versus low blood-pressure target in patients with septic shock.Asfar P, Meziani F, Hamel JF, Grelon F, Megarbane B, Anguel N, Mira JP, Dequin PF, Gergaud S, Weiss N, et al. N Engl J Med. 2014 Apr 24; 370(17):1583-93. Epub 2014 Mar 18.
	PMID: 24635771 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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8.	N Engl J Med. 2014 Apr 24;370(17):1583-93. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1312173. Epub 2014 Mar 18. High versus low blood-pressure target in patients with septic shock. Asfar P1, Meziani F, Hamel JF, Grelon F, Megarbane B, Anguel N, Mira JP, Dequin PF, Gergaud S, Weiss N, Legay F, Le Tulzo Y, Conrad M, Robert R, Gonzalez F, Guitton C, Tamion F, Tonnelier JM, Guezennec P, Van Der Linden T, Vieillard-Baron A, Mariotte E, Pradel G, Lesieur O, Ricard JD, Hervé F, du Cheyron D, Guerin C, Mercat A, Teboul JL, Radermacher P; SEPSISPAM Investigators. Collaborators: Delabranche X, Hasselmann M, Kummerlen C, Martinet O, Kouatchet A, Souday V, Pierrot M, Lerolle N, Mortaza S, Bourgoin P, Carlier L, Giquello JA, Olivier C, Gilet C, Masson L, Guyon M, Schwanka J, Tayoro J, Saci S, Vivier D, Bildea A, Tirot P, Baud F, Deye N, Malissin I, Vidovar D, Voicu S, Ekherian JM, Cleophax C, Champion S, Ena S, Dufour N, Osman D, Mayeur C, Camous L, Texier B, Guerin L, Dres M, Richard C, Charpentier J, Garot D, Guillon A, Legras A, Masseret E, Mercier E, Lasocki S, Fesard P, Diehl JL, Peigne V, Pelieu I, Savalle M, Guerot E, Novara A, Faisy C, Fagon JY, Barbarot N, Person A, Bousser J, Marjot F, Courte A, Guivarch G, Chimot L, Gibot S, Bollaert PE, Frat JP, Coudroy R, Chemouni F, Nicolet L, Girault C, Beduneau G, Bedos JP, Legriel S, Planquette B, Fourdin C, Cabaret P, Minacori F, Ledein M, Charron C, Azoulay E, Seguin A, Lemiale V, Delapierre L, Leloup M, Herbland A, Labbe V, Leon R, Halley G, Moriconi M, Tonnelier A, Frances JL, Seguin A, Richard JC, Bayle F, Bourdin G. Author information: 1The authors' affiliations are listed in the Appendix. Comment in Is there a good MAP for septic shock? [N Engl J Med. 2014] Is there a good MAP for septic shock?Russell JA. N Engl J Med. 2014 Apr 24; 370(17):1649-51. Epub 2014 Mar 18. Abstract BACKGROUND: The Surviving Sepsis Campaign recommends targeting a mean arterial pressure of at least 65 mm Hg during initial resuscitation of patients with septic shock. However, whether this blood-pressure target is more or less effective than a higher target is unknown. METHODS: In a multicenter, open-label trial, we randomly assigned 776 patients with septic shock to undergo resuscitation with a mean arterial pressure target of either 80 to 85 mm Hg (high-target group) or 65 to 70 mm Hg (low-target group). The primary end point was mortality at day 28. RESULTS: At 28 days, there was no significant between-group difference in mortality, with deaths reported in 142 of 388 patients in the high-target group (36.6%) and 132 of 388 patients in the low-target group (34.0%) (hazard ratio in the high-target group, 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.84 to 1.38; P=0.57). There was also no significant difference in mortality at 90 days, with 170 deaths (43.8%) and 164 deaths (42.3%), respectively (hazard ratio, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.30; P=0.74). The occurrence of serious adverse events did not differ significantly between the two groups (74 events [19.1%] and 69 events [17.8%], respectively; P=0.64). However, the incidence of newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation was higher in the high-target group than in the low-target group. Among patients with chronic hypertension, those in the high-target group required less renal-replacement therapy than did those in the low-target group, but such therapy was not associated with a difference in mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Targeting a mean arterial pressure of 80 to 85 mm Hg, as compared with 65 to 70 mm Hg, in patients with septic shock undergoing resuscitation did not result in significant differences in mortality at either 28 or 90 days. (Funded by the French Ministry of Health; SEPSISPAM ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01149278.).
	PMID: 24635770 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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