What's new for 'JKB_daily1' in PubMed

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Sender's message: Sepsis or genomics or altitude: JKB_daily1

Sent on Saturday, 2012 May 26
Search: (sepsis[MeSH Terms] OR septic shock[MeSH Terms] OR altitude[MeSH Terms] OR genomics[MeSH Terms] OR genetics[MeSH Terms] OR retrotransposons[MeSH Terms] OR macrophage[MeSH Terms]) AND ("2009/8/8"[Publication Date] : "3000"[Publication Date]) AND (("Science"[Journal] OR "Nature"[Journal] OR "The New England journal of medicine"[Journal] OR "Lancet"[Journal] OR "Nature genetics"[Journal] OR "Nature medicine"[Journal]) OR (Hume DA[Author] OR Baillie JK[Author] OR Faulkner, Geoffrey J[Author]))

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PubMed Results

Items 1 - 6 of 6

1.	Science. 2012 May 11;336(6082):740-3. Recent explosive human population growth has resulted in an excess of rare genetic variants. Keinan A, Clark AG. Source Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. ak735@cornell.edu Abstract Human populations have experienced recent explosive growth, expanding by at least three orders of magnitude over the past 400 generations. This departure from equilibrium skews patterns of genetic variation and distorts basic principles of population genetics. We characterized the empirical signatures of explosive growth on the site frequency spectrum and found that the discrepancy in rare variant abundance across demographic modeling studies is mostly due to differences in sample size. Rapid recent growth increases the load of rare variants and is likely to play a role in the individual genetic burden of complex disease risk. Hence, the extreme recent human population growth needs to be taken into consideration in studying the genetics of complex diseases and traits.
	PMID: 22582263 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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2.	Science. 2012 May 11;336(6082):673-4. Research priorities. ELSI 2.0 for genomics and society. Kaye J, Meslin EM, Knoppers BM, Juengst ET, Deschênes M, Cambon-Thomsen A, Chalmers D, De Vries J, Edwards K, Hoppe N, Kent A, Adebamowo C, Marshall P, Kato K. Source HeLEX, Department of Public Health, University of Oxford, OX3 7LF, Oxford, UK. jane.kaye@law.ox.ac.uk
	PMID: 22582247 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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3.	Nature. 2012 Apr 18;484(7394):320-1. doi: 10.1038/484320a. Sensory biology: Search for the compass needles. Mouritsen H. Comment on Nature. 2012 Apr 19;484(7394):367-70.
	PMID: 22517155 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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4.	Nature. 2012 Apr 17;484(7394):302-3. doi: 10.1038/484302a. Gene hunt is on for mental disability. Callaway E.
	PMID: 22517145 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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5.	Nature. 2012 Apr 11;484(7394):367-70. doi: 10.1038/nature11046. Clusters of iron-rich cells in the upper beak of pigeons are macrophages not magnetosensitive neurons. Treiber CD, Salzer MC, Riegler J, Edelman N, Sugar C, Breuss M, Pichler P, Cadiou H, Saunders M, Lythgoe M, Shaw J, Keays DA. Source Institute of Molecular Pathology, Dr Bohr-Gasse, 1030 Vienna, Austria. Comment in Nature. 2012 Apr 19;484(7394):320-1. Abstract Understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms that mediate magnetosensation in vertebrates is a formidable scientific problem. One hypothesis is that magnetic information is transduced into neuronal impulses by using a magnetite-based magnetoreceptor. Previous studies claim to have identified a magnetic sense system in the pigeon, common to avian species, which consists of magnetite-containing trigeminal afferents located at six specific loci in the rostral subepidermis of the beak. These studies have been widely accepted in the field and heavily relied upon by both behavioural biologists and physicists. Here we show that clusters of iron-rich cells in the rostro-medial upper beak of the pigeon Columbia livia are macrophages, not magnetosensitive neurons. Our systematic characterization of the pigeon upper beak identified iron-rich cells in the stratum laxum of the subepidermis, the basal region of the respiratory epithelium and the apex of feather follicles. Using a three-dimensional blueprint of the pigeon beak created by magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography, we mapped the location of iron-rich cells, revealing unexpected variation in their distribution and number--an observation that is inconsistent with a role in magnetic sensation. Ultrastructure analysis of these cells, which are not unique to the beak, showed that their subcellular architecture includes ferritin-like granules, siderosomes, haemosiderin and filopodia, characteristics of iron-rich macrophages. Our conclusion that these cells are macrophages and not magnetosensitive neurons is supported by immunohistological studies showing co-localization with the antigen-presenting molecule major histocompatibility complex class II. Our work necessitates a renewed search for the true magnetite-dependent magnetoreceptor in birds.
	PMID: 22495303 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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6.	Nature. 2012 Mar 28;484(7394):339-44. doi: 10.1038/nature10960. A unique regulatory phase of DNA methylation in the early mammalian embryo. Smith ZD, Chan MM, Mikkelsen TS, Gu H, Gnirke A, Regev A, Meissner A. Source Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA. Abstract DNA methylation is highly dynamic during mammalian embryogenesis. It is broadly accepted that the paternal genome is actively depleted of 5-methylcytosine at fertilization, followed by passive loss that reaches a minimum at the blastocyst stage. However, this model is based on limited data, and so far no base-resolution maps exist to support and refine it. Here we generate genome-scale DNA methylation maps in mouse gametes and from the zygote through post-implantation. We find that the oocyte already exhibits global hypomethylation, particularly at specific families of long interspersed element 1 and long terminal repeat retroelements, which are disparately methylated between gametes and have lower methylation values in the zygote than in sperm. Surprisingly, the oocyte contributes a unique set of differentially methylated regions (DMRs)--including many CpG island promoters--that are maintained in the early embryo but are lost upon specification and absent from somatic cells. In contrast, sperm-contributed DMRs are largely intergenic and become hypermethylated after the blastocyst stage. Our data provide a genome-scale, base-resolution timeline of DNA methylation in the pre-specified embryo, when this epigenetic modification is most dynamic, before returning to the canonical somatic pattern. PMCID: PMC3331945 [Available on 2012/10/19]
	PMID: 22456710 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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