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Sender's message: Sepsis or genomics or altitude: JKB_daily1

Sent on Wednesday, 2014 February 12
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PubMed Results

Items 1 - 2 of 2

1.	Nature. 2014 Jan 16;505(7483):286-7. Regulation: The FDA is overcautious on consumer genomics. Green RC, Farahany NA.
	PMID: 24436984 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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2.	Nature. 2014 Jan 16;505(7483):412-6. doi: 10.1038/nature12807. Epub 2013 Dec 8. Muc5b is required for airway defence. Roy MG1, Livraghi-Butrico A2, Fletcher AA3, McElwee MM4, Evans SE4, Boerner RM5, Alexander SN4, Bellinghausen LK4, Song AS4, Petrova YM4, Tuvim MJ4, Adachi R4, Romo I6, Bordt AS7, Bowden MG8, Sisson JH9, Woodruff PG10, Thornton DJ11, Rousseau K11, De la Garza MM4, Moghaddam SJ4, Karmouty-Quintana H 5, Blackburn MR5, Drouin SM5, Davis CW12, Terrell KA12, Grubb BR12, O'Neal WK12, Flores SC13, Cota-Gomez A13, Lozupone CA13, Donnelly JM13, Watson AM13, Hennessy CE13, Keith RC13, Yang IV13, Barthel L14, Henson PM14, Janssen WJ14, Schwartz DA13, Boucher RC12, Dickey BF4, Evans CM15. Author information: 11] University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030, USA [2]. 21] University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, 7011 Thurston-Bowles Building, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA [2]. 31] University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12700 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA [2]. 4University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. 5University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston Medical School, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. 61] University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030, USA [2] Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Avenida Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur Colonia Tecnológico, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64849, Mexico. 7Texas A&M Health Science Center, 2121 W. Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. 81] Texas A&M Health Science Center, 2121 W. Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030, USA [2] University of Houston-Downtown, 1 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77002, USA. 9University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985910 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA. 10University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, California 27599, USA. 11University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK. 12University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, 7011 Thurston-Bowles Building, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA. 13University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12700 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA. 141] University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12700 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA [2] National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado 80206, USA. 151] University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030, USA [2] University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12700 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA. Abstract Respiratory surfaces are exposed to billions of particulates and pathogens daily. A protective mucus barrier traps and eliminates them through mucociliary clearance (MCC). However, excessive mucus contributes to transient respiratory infections and to the pathogenesis of numerous respiratory diseases. MUC5AC and MUC5B are evolutionarily conserved genes that encode structurally related mucin glycoproteins, the principal macromolecules in airway mucus. Genetic variants are linked to diverse lung diseases, but specific roles for MUC5AC and MUC5B in MCC, and the lasting effects of their inhibition, are unknown. Here we show that mouse Muc5b (but not Muc5ac) is required for MCC, for controlling infections in the airways and middle ear, and for maintaining immune homeostasis in mouse lungs, whereas Muc5ac is dispensable. Muc5b deficiency caused materials to accumulate in upper and lower airways. This defect led to chronic infection by multiple bacterial species, including Staphylococcus aureus, and to inflammation that failed to resolve normally. Apoptotic macrophages accumulated, phagocytosis was impaired, and interleukin-23 (IL-23) production was reduced in Muc5b(-/-) mice. By contrast, in mice that transgenically overexpress Muc5b, macrophage functions improved. Existing dogma defines mucous phenotypes in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as driven by increased MUC5AC, with MUC5B levels either unaffected or increased in expectorated sputum. However, in many patients, MUC5B production at airway surfaces decreases by as much as 90%. By distinguishing a specific role for Muc5b in MCC, and by determining its impact on bacterial infections and inflammation in mice, our results provide a refined framework for designing targeted therapies to control mucin secretion and restore MCC.
	PMID: 24317696 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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